From owner-diy_efi  Wed Jul 20 21:00:55 1994
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To: DIY_EFI
Subject: Re: Knock sensor 
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Wed, 20 Jul 94 13:39:35 CDT."
             <m0qQgkY-000pdCC@twisto.eng.hou.compaq.com> 
Date: Wed, 20 Jul 94 16:00:10 -0500
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>Don't know what range, but I've been told 5-8 Khz.

I was gonna notch-filter the thing for 5-15 khz.

>I think you will need a low noise op-amp since the signal is low level.
>hang on, I've got that article here somewhere.  The article shows a scope
>hooked to a knock sensor, the display indicates +-5mv straight from the
>sensor. 

One of my co-workers just brought a copy of PE to me. It looks like
500mV, is that what you meant?. I'm thinking the real mccoy will be 
somewhat higher than that, but it's a good place to start.

> sounds like a good idea, let us know if it works out....

It's a must apparently in a Syclone, especially when running high boost 
levels. I might try to implement it with a LED bar graph, that way I
can kinda see what's going on dynamically.

I won't get a chance to test the circuit until Labor Day,
unfortunately. Thanks for the repost, the info helped a lot.

Dig
sdbartho@hwking.cca.rockwell.com

From owner-diy_efi  Thu Jul 21 14:19:19 1994
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Date: Thu, 21 Jul 1994 06:35:00 +0000
From: dave.williams@chaos.lrk.ar.us (Dave Williams)
Subject: Re: Knock sensor
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-> I was gonna notch-filter the thing for 5-15 khz.

 SAAB's Trionic engine management system drops voltage after the initial
spark, then looks at the resistance of the plug gap.  SAAB claims they
can tell if the cylinder is running into detonation by looking at this
value.

 If there's an SAE or IMechE paper on this anywhere it'd be interesting.
It would save trying to find a place to mount and adjust a sensor.
Dunno if the electrical/software part would be harder or not.
                                                                                                

From owner-diy_efi  Thu Jul 21 14:51:10 1994
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From: paraska@oasys.dt.navy.mil (Pete Paraska)
Subject: Re: Knock sensor
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Dave Williams wrote:
> SAAB's Trionic engine management system drops voltage after the initial
>spark, then looks at the resistance of the plug gap.  SAAB claims they
>can tell if the cylinder is running into detonation by looking at this
>value.

Just interested in other's ideas how this might actually work.  How could 
plug gap resistance after the spark tell you anything about detonation?  Can 
the plug gap "taste" the residue of preignition as being different from the 
"taste" (er..resistance) of a slowly propagting flame front that results 
from correct ignition?  

It's an interesting concept, though, using plug gap resistance to measure 
detonation.  If it was repeatable and reliable, it would seem to be better 
than trying to guess what that accelerometer (knock sensor) was REALLY 
telling you.
It seems that all this filtering, amplifying, etc. and making assumptions 
about what frequency is actually indicative of detonation involves several 
leaps of faith.



 ~~~~~~~~ Pete (paraska@oasys.dt.navy.mil)          IZCC#15 ~~~~~~~~~


From owner-diy_efi  Thu Jul 21 15:22:35 1994
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To: DIY_EFI
Subject: Re: Knock sensor 
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Thu, 21 Jul 94 10:51:05 EDT."
             <9407211451.AA04828@oasys.dt.navy.mil> 
Date: Thu, 21 Jul 94 10:22:27 -0500
From: sdbartho@cca.rockwell.com
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>Just interested in other's ideas how this might actually work.  How could 
>plug gap resistance after the spark tell you anything about detonation?  Can 
>the plug gap "taste" the residue of preignition as being different from the 
>"taste" (er..resistance) of a slowly propagting flame front that results 
>from correct ignition?

Kenne-Bell is marketing an ignition controller for Syclones/Typhoons that
can supposedly detect detonation in each cylinder and retards timing only
in that cylinder. Since they don't use a knock sensor for each cyl., this
must be how they determine whether or not a cylinder is detonating.

Could it be that they are considering unusually high cylinder pressure to
be equal to detonation? The resistance of the gap would go up, the current
would drop- there's your detection. Sounds a lot like a Jacobs ignition.

Dig
sdbartho@hwking.cca.rockwell.com

From owner-diy_efi  Thu Jul 21 16:21:49 1994
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Date: Thu, 21 Jul 1994 11:20:45 -0500
From: Jeffrey S Armfield <armfield@ecn.purdue.edu>
To: DIY_EFI
Subject: Re : Knock sensor - Kenne-Bell System
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I would doubt (IMHO) that Kenne Bell is using anything as sophisticated
as looking at resistance measurements to do individual cylinder knock
control. My guess is that they only "listen" to the knock sensor during a
period a little before and a little after TDC on the firing stroke of each 
cylinder. Then, theoretically, they would only "hear" the knock of the cylinder
firing. After you have established which cylinder is firing and if it is 
indeed knocking, then changing the timing on a cylinder by cylinder basis
is no big deal anymore. 

Jeff Armfield

From owner-diy_efi  Thu Jul 21 17:00:00 1994
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From: Mpalmer@ndigital.com (Mike Palmer)
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>>Just interested in other's ideas how this might actually work.  How could 
>>plug gap resistance after the spark tell you anything about detonation?  Can 
>>the plug gap "taste" the residue of preignition as being different from the 
>>"taste" (er..resistance) of a slowly propagting flame front that results 
>>from correct ignition?
>
>Kenne-Bell is marketing an ignition controller for Syclones/Typhoons that
>can supposedly detect detonation in each cylinder and retards timing only
>in that cylinder. Since they don't use a knock sensor for each cyl., this
>must be how they determine whether or not a cylinder is detonating.
>
>Could it be that they are considering unusually high cylinder pressure to
>be equal to detonation? The resistance of the gap would go up, the current
>would drop- there's your detection. Sounds a lot like a Jacobs ignition.
>
>Dig
>sdbartho@hwking.cca.rockwell.com

Hmmm. Since detonation occurs generally a goodly amount of time after the
primary spark has ignited the mixture, in order to determine a gap
resistance value they'd have to keep peppering the plug with sparks
and monitoring firing voltage. If this is the case, then how do they get 
sufficient coil saturation between "check-sparks" to induce enough
secondary to actually fire the plug? If they don't measure gap resistance
this way, then how exactly do they do it (i.e. measuring the effective
gap resistance over the course of the combustion period to detect unusual 
pressure gradients indicating abnormal combustion)?

Just curious...




--

- MJP 

From owner-diy_efi  Thu Jul 21 17:12:56 1994
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To: DIY_EFI
Subject: Re: Re : Knock sensor - Kenne-Bell System 
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Thu, 21 Jul 94 11:20:45 CDT."
             <199407211620.LAA04744@mn.ecn.purdue.edu> 
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>I would doubt (IMHO) that Kenne Bell is using anything as sophisticated
>as looking at resistance measurements to do individual cylinder knock
>control. 

If KB had built the thing themselves, I would agree. It was built by
some outfit out west, Jones electronics? maybe.  It came out about
the same time as the Jacobs unit, which made me suspect that they
used similar technology.

>My guess is that they only "listen" to the knock sensor during a
>period a little before and a little after TDC on the firing stroke of each 
>cylinder. 

I thought about that. Could that work with a distributor ignition without
a cam or crank position sensor?

Dig
sdbartho@hwking.cca.rockwell.com

From owner-diy_efi  Thu Jul 21 17:32:12 1994
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From: lusky@knuth.mtsu.edu (Jonathan R. Lusky)
Subject: Re: Knock sensor
To: DIY_EFI
Date: Thu, 21 Jul 1994 10:14:05 -0500 (CDT)
In-Reply-To: <9407211451.AA04828@oasys.dt.navy.mil> from "Pete Paraska" at Jul 21, 94 10:51:05 am
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Pete Paraska writes:
> than trying to guess what that accelerometer (knock sensor) was REALLY 
> telling you.

Huh?  A knock sensor is just a microphone basically...


-- 
Jonathan R. Lusky  --  lusky@knuth.mtsu.edu
 "Turbos are nice but I'd rather be blown!"
    68 Camaro Convertible - 350 / TH350
       80 Toyota Celica - 20R / 5spd

From owner-diy_efi  Fri Jul 22 15:31:38 1994
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From: dave.williams@chaos.lrk.ar.us (Dave Williams)
Subject: Re: Knock sensor
To: DIY_EFI
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-> It seems that all this filtering, amplifying, etc. and making
-> assumptions about what frequency is actually indicative of detonation
-> involves several leaps of faith.

 Cosworth doesn't (or at least didn't up to a couple of years ago) use
knock sensors in their F1 motors.  Keith Duckworth said the engines were
too noisy for the signal to mean anything.

 The popular TAG management system used my many F1 teams can accept
several knock sensors, but if other engines are like the Cosworth V8s
the sensors might be just data acquisition in most cases.

 BTW, TAG claims their newer management systems vary spark energy
according to load and RPM, though I'm not sure what advantage this would
be.  Shades of Dr. Jacobs and his miracle boxes...
                                                                                

From owner-diy_efi  Fri Jul 22 15:31:35 1994
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From: dave.williams@chaos.lrk.ar.us (Dave Williams)
Subject: Re: Knock sensor
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-> Just interested in other's ideas how this might actually work.  How
-> could plug gap resistance after the spark tell you anything about
-> detonation?

 As chamber pressure goes up it becomes harder for a spark to jump the
gap.  SAAB might be doing that... but you'd actually have to send a
spark, which wouldn't be a good idea before the intended ignition event.
They're probably watching for ionization from detonation combustion.
The resistance across the gap will change if the mixture is burning.
                                                                    

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From: dave.williams@chaos.lrk.ar.us (Dave Williams)
Subject: Re: Knock sensor
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-> Kenne-Bell is marketing an ignition controller for Syclones/Typhoons
-> that can supposedly detect detonation in each cylinder and retards
-> timing only in that cylinder. Since they don't use a knock sensor for
-> each cyl., this must be how they determine whether or not a cylinder
-> is detonating.

 Lots of engines do cylinder-by-cylinder with only one or two knock
sensors.  You know, either by crank position or firing order, which
cylinder is coming up on the compression stroke.  If you get a knock
signal, it's gonna be that cylinder.
                          

From owner-diy_efi  Mon Jul 25 11:38:56 1994
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From: paraska@oasys.dt.navy.mil (Pete Paraska)
Subject: Re: Knock sensor
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dave.williams@chaos.lrk.ar.us (Dave Williams) replied:

> As chamber pressure goes up it becomes harder for a spark to jump the
>gap.  SAAB might be doing that... but you'd actually have to send a
>spark, which wouldn't be a good idea before the intended ignition event.
>They're probably watching for ionization from detonation combustion.
>The resistance across the gap will change if the mixture is burning.
>                                                                    

I just read in Automotive Industries (AI) annual engine report that Dave is 
right on the money - they are keying to ionization.  They didn't mention how 
they where getting a reading on that, but Dave cleared that up - resistance.
The system is call Trionic Ignition or some such.

Thanks (again) Dave, for giving us the right stuff.

 ~~~~~~~~ Pete (paraska@oasys.dt.navy.mil)          IZCC#15 ~~~~~~~~~


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Date: Wed, 3 Aug 94 15:03:06 +0200
From: knick@ibr.cs.tu-bs.de (Jens Knickmeyer)
Message-Id: <9408031303.AA18864@diana>
To: DIY_EFI
Subject: VW Digifant
Sender: owner-diy_efi
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: DIY_EFI

Being new on this list, I would like to give a short introduction
of myself:

I am a 26 year old German student of computer science. My hobbies
are electrical engeneering and cars, especially VW-types. I work
at the mircoprocessor laboratory of my university and therefore
I have the chance to get information about Motorola microprocessors
and controllers.
Last, I would like to apologize my rather bad English.

So far for my person, now to the real things: 
Since I drive a VW Polo-G40 I am interested in getting any 
information about the EFI used in the Polo-G40 (BTW, the same
EFI is used in the Golf/Corrado/Passat G60!), the "VW Digifant"
which is based on the Bosch motronic (multipoint FI, using a 
68HC11 microcontroller).

Especially, need answers for the following questions:

- There is a build-in self diagnostic system in the Digifant
  which uses only one wire to send and receive information. 
  1. Which are the electrical characteristics of this interface?
  2. Is it the "ABUS"-interface developped by VW and Intel/Telefunken?
  3. What protocol is used?

- The Digifant stores injection/ignition data in a 27C512 EPROM chip.
  1. How are these data organized? 
  2. How do I have to change EPROM data after tuning the mechanical
     G-compressor used in the G-40/G-60 ?

Thanks in advance, 

      Jens.
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Jens Knickmeyer           knick@ibr.cs.tu-bs.de


