From owner-diy_efi  Wed Oct 12 03:27:00 1994
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From: Dale Ulan <ulan@ee.ualberta.ca>
Subject: Re: Injector timing qns.
To: DIY_EFI
Date: Tue, 11 Oct 94 21:26:41 MDT
In-Reply-To: <m0quXun-000Cv4C@knuth.mtsu.edu>; from "Jonathan R. Lusky" at Oct 10, 94 10:30 pm
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> It depends on the injectors, your fuel pressure, and how low you go.
> On GM speed density systems this is compensated for by fudging the
> volumetric efficiency tables....  sorta beat it to fit kinda thing.
> Aftermarket speed density systems are similar, except that they generally
> look up pulse width directly from (RPM,MAP) instead of pretending to
> go through a VE step.  Bottom line: compensation is done in the calibration,
> the algorithms for speed density assume the injectors are linear.

Actually, the GM system includes an injector *offset* which is a
function of battery voltage (injector dead-time), which is added
to the linear flow time. In addition, there is additional
compensation for fuel pump voltage, which affects fuel system
pressure, which is a multiplier factor used to scale the desired
fuel flow. SAE Paper 810449, 'Mathematical Model of a Throttle
Body Fuel Injection System' by Robert Esperti is a particularly
good paper on this (although it gets mathematical). If you are
into reading papers, 810494 and 810495 are pretty good, as well.
Paper 790742, by G Czadzeck and R Reid of Ford, is a very good and
readable paper on the Ford CFI 5.0L 1980 cars. It covers most of
the 'twiddle factors' required to get the vehicle running properly.
Also, paper 800164 on the GM TBI system is nice easy reading. Neither
of these last two papers have any amount of hard math in them.

The papers I mentioned are early ones because most later papers are
virtually unreadable due to wall-to-wall mathematics. Even the
'Mathematical Model...' is semi-readable. The author discusses most
of the characteristics of injectors.

-Dale

From owner-diy_efi  Wed Oct 12 18:51:28 1994
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Date: Wed, 12 Oct 94 11:44:47 CDT
From: Steve=Ravet%Prj=Eng%PCPD=Hou@bangate.compaq.com
Subject: Schematics for Johns SBC
To: diy_efi
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John Gwynne -- are the schematics for your board available?  It'd be nice if 
we could get them posted somewhere that everyone could take a look at them, 
maybe have some discussions, then get something etched.  Can you generate 
postscript files (or any other type of output) from them?  If so, they could 
be placed on the WWW server.

--steve


From owner-diy_efi  Wed Oct 12 21:17:23 1994
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Date: 12 Oct 1994 15:17:45 -0700
From: "Ciciora Steve" <sciciora@al.noaa.gov>
Subject: FW: Schematics for Johns SBC
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Someone writes:

John Gwynne -- are the schematics for your board available?  It'd be nice if 
we could get them posted somewhere that everyone could take a look at them, 
maybe have some discussions, then get something etched.  Can you generate 
postscript files (or any other type of output) from them?  If so, they could 
be placed on the WWW server.

--steve


------------------------
  Didn't John say that he would post a picture and schamatics on the WWW
server?  Try as I may, I can't seem to figure WWW out.  If/when he does, could
someone email me the files?  Thanks!  Dispite John's objections, I'm going to
try to layout a pcb and see how much interest there is in manufacturing one.
-Steven Ciciora

From owner-diy_efi  Wed Oct 12 21:56:07 1994
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Message-Id: <9410122156.AA20215@coulomb.eng.ohio-state.edu>
To: DIY_EFI
Cc: jsg
Subject: Re: FW: Schematics for Johns SBC 
In-Reply-To: Your message of "12 Oct 94 15:17:45 PDT."
             <199410122123.AA12903@tomcat.al.noaa.gov> 
Date: Wed, 12 Oct 94 17:56:05 -0400
From: John S Gwynne <jsg>
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--------

   In message <199410122123.AA12903@tomcat.al.noaa.gov> , you write:
 
|   Didn't John say that he would post a picture and schamatics on the WWW
| server?  Try as I may, I can't seem to figure WWW out.  If/when he does, coul
| d
| someone email me the files?  Thanks!  Dispite John's objections, I'm going to
| try to layout a pcb and see how much interest there is in manufacturing one.
| -Steven Ciciora

Sorry about the delay.... I have had other (but less interesting :) ) work to
do... I'll try to find time tonight or tomorrow....

objections???... I have no objection, in-fact I encourage it. I would like a
few of them if the price is right. I not optimistic that they will be
inexpensive, but I'm not an expert at layout. I've talk to two people about
4-layer versions and it did not sound cheap :(. But these 
"guys" don't normally consider cost to be as important as I would. 


                                       John S Gwynne
                                          Gwynne.1@osu.edu
_______________________________________________________________________________
               T h e   O h i o - S t a t e   U n i v e r s i t y
    ElectroScience Laboratory, 1320 Kinnear Road, Columbus, Ohio 43212, USA
                Telephone: (614) 292-7981 * Fax: (614) 292-7292
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

From owner-diy_efi  Wed Oct 12 22:12:23 1994
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	Wed, 12 Oct 1994 16:12:36 -0600
From: fridman@cpsc.ucalgary.ca (Robert Fridman)
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To: DIY_EFI
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In-Reply-To: "Ciciora Steve"'s message of 12 Oct 1994 15:17:45 -0700 <199410122123.AA12903@tomcat.al.noaa.gov>
Subject: Re: FW: Schematics for Johns SBC
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> Didn't John say that he would post a picture and schamatics on the WWW
> server?  Try as I may, I can't seem to figure WWW out. 
> ...
> -Steven Ciciora

If you are on a machine connected to the internet, then all you need is a
WWW viewer executable which will run on your machine.  Then fire up the
WWW viewer and specify http://www.cpsc.ucalgary.ca/~fridman/diy_efi as the
path.

If you don't have a WWW viewer, I might be able to get you one.  What machine 
type are you on?

	RF.


From owner-diy_efi  Wed Oct 12 22:32:43 1994
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Date: Wed, 12 Oct 1994 16:33:17 -0600
To: DIY_EFI
From: agc@mercury.uah.ualberta.ca (Andrei Chichak)
Subject: Other Schematics Wanted
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A while back I was on the DIY workstation list and the whole thing
degenerated into a processor war with some wanting the group to use an
R4000 others wanting to use Sparcs and one guy with a 68020 schematic in
his hand.   No consensus was ever achieved and the whole thing died.

This group could go the same way once the HC11 gang get into the act or the
PPC403 gets released (I sure hope not though).   There are a bunch of
things that all of these processors have in common that we should be
talking about rather than starting processor wars.   The interface hardware
should be very similar and algorithms are not processor specific.

Given that we are going to need to take timing information off of the crank
and cam, probably with Hall effect sensors, and are eventually going to
need to drive ignition coil packs and injectors:

What driver circuitry is required to take a TTL load from a parallel port
and drive an ignition coil pack or injector?

What signal conditioning circuitry is required to take a Hall effect sensor
and apply it to an interrupt line?

What signal conditioning circuitry is required to take a Knock sensor and
apply it to an interrupt line, and should you mask this interrupt during
ignition?

I would like to throw together a bit of a breadboard to try this stuff out
before I use it to blow $300 worth of wirewrap to bits.

I suspect that schematics for these circuits are available in some long
lost periodical but searching through my stacks came up with nada.  The
computer geek magazines like to debate processors and generate faster
fractals and the auto mags won't talk about electronic circuits unless you
can pick them up as a black box.


Thanks in advance,
Andrei

'62 Morris Traveller w/ 1350CC Cooper 'S engine
'83 VW GTI 230,000 Km. and it keeps on going...

--
Andrei Chichak                   | Information Systems
agc@mercury.uah.ualberta.ca      | University of Alberta Hospitals
(403) 492 - 4431 (work)          | 8440 112 Street  Edmonton, Alberta
(403) 492 - 3090 (fax)           | CANADA  T6G 2B7



From owner-diy_efi  Thu Oct 13 00:28:18 1994
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From: Craig Pugsley <c.pugsley@trl.oz.au>
Message-Id: <199410130027.AA29909@shiva.trl.OZ.AU>
Subject: Re: Injector timing qns.
To: DIY_EFI
Date: Thu, 13 Oct 1994 10:27:44 +1000 (EST)
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Dale Ulan writes:

[...]

> SAE Paper 810449, 'Mathematical Model of a Throttle
> Body Fuel Injection System' by Robert Esperti is a particularly
> good paper on this (although it gets mathematical). If you are
> into reading papers, 810494 and 810495 are pretty good, as well.
> Paper 790742, by G Czadzeck and R Reid of Ford, is a very good and
> readable paper on the Ford CFI 5.0L 1980 cars. It covers most of
> the 'twiddle factors' required to get the vehicle running properly.
> Also, paper 800164 on the GM TBI system is nice easy reading. Neither
> of these last two papers have any amount of hard math in them.

Thanks - at last!!! some _solid_ info about how the algorithms work (I'm
sick to death of the usual "and-the-rpm-combined-with-the-air-flow-meter
-and-temperature-makes-it-go-gee-wizz" stuff found in most books on the
subject.

While I'm here, two more questions for comment:

i/  What features does the HC11 have that makes it the 'processor of
    choice'? A-D, PWM, timers, watchdog, UART, high speed etc?
    Or is it more because it's an industry standard CPU?
    [I have limited experience with Z80 and 8051 processors].
    It would seem logical to me to use a microcontroller than just a
    processor (Because I couldn't be bothered designing extra hardware
    when it's not needed, and a microcontroller is cheaper anyway)

ii/ I want to make a 'gas analyser' with a Heated oxygen sensor.
    However, the idea is to make it so that the HEGO is in a bit of pipe
    /copper tube etc that can be put up the exhaust to 'sniff' the gas,
    and the reading displayed on a meter or just lean/stoic/rich LEDs.
    Obviously there will be the characteristic 'step' in the output
    voltage as it goes from lean to rich, but cost is the driving
    factor here. (IE no UEGO).

    The question is if a HEGO will work properly in this situation.
    i.e. all the heat required for operation is generated in the HEGO
    by it's resistor. Presumably I'll also need a fan or something to
    suck the gasses past the HEGO-will dilution be a problem?
    Any other forseeable problems?


Exhaust pipe
____________________________
  .  .    .  .. .   .   .  .. .  .      (.= Exhaust gas)
..      .      .   .     .     .  .
 .   .    .   .   . ___________________
  .   .      .    . ________________  | <--- Sampling pipe
____________________________        | |
                                    | |
                                    | |          _________ 
 (#=HEGO)                           | #----------| meter |
                                    | |          |       |
 (@=fan or other vacuum source      |@|          |_______|
    to suck gas past the HEGO)

Cheers,
Craig.

From owner-diy_efi  Thu Oct 13 04:32:31 1994
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From: Dale Ulan <ulan@ee.ualberta.ca>
Subject: Re: Injector timing qns.
To: DIY_EFI
Date: Wed, 12 Oct 94 22:32:25 MDT
In-Reply-To: <199410130027.AA29909@shiva.trl.OZ.AU>; from "Craig Pugsley" at Oct 13, 94 10:27 am
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> While I'm here, two more questions for comment:
> 
> i/  What features does the HC11 have that makes it the 'processor of
>     choice'? A-D, PWM, timers, watchdog, UART, high speed etc?
>     Or is it more because it's an industry standard CPU?

It has just the right peripherals for engine control. It also has
the multiply and divide instructions, which are perfect for engine
control software. Basically, it is the right processor for the job...
and it's available. The 68F333 would be better, but good luck getting
any...

It has a UART, SPI (sync. serial), an 8-channel timer (3 ins, 5 outs),
8 channels of 8-bit A-D, and an on-board watchdog. As expected, some
on-board RAM, some on-board EEPROM, and usually lots of space for external
EPROM or Flash.
I favor the 68HC11F1 version, since I have always been able to buy that
one.

-Dale

From owner-diy_efi  Thu Oct 13 05:15:42 1994
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Date: Thu, 13 Oct 1994 00:15:02 -0600
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<ulan@ee.ualberta.ca> writes:
> and it's available. The 68F333 would be better, but good luck getting
> any...

Yeah, no kidding.  Anybody out there seen any of these for sale.
From anywhere?

The 68F333 is awesome:
32-bit, 8 channel 10 bit A/D converter, TPU, .5k SRAM, 3.5k RAM,
and best of all.... 64k of EEPROM.  In one 160 pin package!



From owner-diy_efi  Thu Oct 13 14:11:21 1994
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From: Dale Ulan <ulan@ee.ualberta.ca>
Subject: Re: finding 68F333's.......
To: DIY_EFI
Date: Thu, 13 Oct 94 8:11:13 MDT
In-Reply-To: <199410130514.AAA15085@mail.utexas.edu>; from "BigBrother@mail.utexas.edu" at Oct 13, 94 12:15 (midnight)
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> 
> Yeah, no kidding.  Anybody out there seen any of these for sale.
> 
> The 68F333 is awesome:
> 32-bit, 8 channel 10 bit A/D converter, TPU, .5k SRAM, 3.5k RAM,
> and best of all.... 64k of EEPROM.  In one 160 pin package!
> 
Apparently, the 68332 is available... basically the same device
but you need external memory.

-Dale

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According to a Moto engineer who should know on the hc11 list, Moto is 
having problems with the EEPROM retention on `F333 and the HC16 variant.
I would suggest using a '332 (available, I bought 15 of the early mask version
cheap for CA$27each), an SPI ADC, and flash memory.   I'm working on a couple
different '332 projects here at work.  I think it would be great to design a
'332 based FI (oops, powertrain controller) board.    Anybody care to spec
it out?

8 injector drivers (2 X MC33293)
4 coil drivers (?)
Octal Serial Switch (MC33298)
.....

--rod.

--
Rod Barman, IRIS NCE @ Laboratory for Computational Intelligence, 
University of British Columbia
rodb@cs.ubc.ca


From owner-diy_efi  Fri Oct 14 01:58:03 1994
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From: Craig Pugsley <c.pugsley@trl.oz.au>
Message-Id: <199410140157.AA28956@shiva.trl.OZ.AU>
Subject: Re: Injector timing qns.
To: DIY_EFI
Date: Fri, 14 Oct 1994 11:57:19 +1000 (EST)
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Hi there,

A few days ago I asked this:

>I've got a few questions regarding injector timing:
>
>i/  Does the timing of the injector relative to the timing of
>    the intake opening matter much?. IE if you've got the same
>    injector on time, but change the 'phase angle' relative to the
>    cam, will the power output vary much?
>
>    Rewording, will power output change much between full sequential
>    and simultaneous injection, if you assume (as with L-Jetronic)
>    that the fuel can "Hang around" in the intake while the valve
>    is shut, or for optimum power should the fuel injector only be
>    turned on while air is flowing into the engine

I did a bit of digging (actually, I was trying to find those SAE
papers Dale was speaking of - with no luck).

I found an SAE-like organisation's year book on automotive electronics.
There was an article from the mid 80's (I lost the bit of paper that
I wrote the exact reference on).

Anyway, in a paper by J.H. Francis from Lucas, U.K. titled
'Electronic engine management for high speed competition engines'
It is written about the Lucas '468' as used on a V6 rally car.

It's got a few graphs which look like this:

   Peak torque (Nm) at 6000 RPM
        338.0 |
              |
        334.5 |                  **
              |                *   **
        331.0 |****          **      ***
              |    ******  **       
        327.5 |          **
              |
        324.0 |
              |_________________________   Injector valve closing angle.
             BDC         |TDC      |  BDC 
                         |<------->|
                      intake valve open.

IE what they are saying is that they got max torque with the injector
firing finishing about 2/3 of the way through the intake cycle.
Conclusion: Timing IS critical for maximum performance. (Even though
it's only 2-3% difference)

There is also another graph showing fuel consumption. Above 6000 rpm,
sequential and grouped injection use the same amount of fuel.
Below 6000 rpm, the sequential uses about 3/4 of the fuel that grouped
injection uses (According to the graph).

Can someone please tell me what they think of my HEGO probe idea posted
the other day? I might try it and let you know anyway.

Cheers,
Craig.

pugsley@trl.oz.au


